人类学和民族学学科为什么关注边疆研究

Why the Antropology and Ethnology to Pay Attention to the Borderland Studies

在全球充满人类并以国家边疆为通道而快速流动的今天,观念、思想的沟通与行动上的合作则是人类学民族学不得不研究的时代难题,因为生存与发展是人类永恒的问题。对于中国来说,多元生态与文化区域构成的国家边疆是多民族多职业群体的聚居区,因而自古以来就是不同领域关注之地。但从关注的成果来看,需要注意以下几点:第一,中国的疆域是在五千多年的内部博弈与融合的基础上形成的疆域,因此它具有较强的稳定性;第二,中国边疆治理是否有效与中国中心与边疆的互相关系是否良好密切相关;第三,中国的边疆与中心之间需要粘合剂,这些粘合剂就是夹在国家中心与边疆之间的那些省区。

The anthropology and ethnology pay attention to the frontier from different perspective from other disciplines. The frontier of traditional countries is a region where different eco-cultural regions dock. In the border areas of traditional countries bounded by natural mountains and rivers,different cultures collide,exchange and learn from each other in adjacent regions,attracting ethnologists and anthropologists. Nowadays,the world is full of human beings and the national frontier is the channel of rapid flow. The communication of ideas and cooperation in action are the difficult problems that anthropological ethnology has to study,because survival and development are the eternal problems of human beings. Anthropology and Ethnology could have the right to speak only if it gives correct and effective answers to complex and changeable frontier problems.