我国当前的腐败犯罪治理目标的犯罪学理论解读

Criminological Theory Interpretation about Governance Goals of Corruption Crime

我国的反腐败措施可以概括为"威慑""反腐制度的建设与执行""廉洁文化的形成"。这些腐败犯罪治理的对策与犯罪学理论当中的威慑理论、社会解组理论以及亚文化理论关于犯罪原因和犯罪治理对策的观点有异曲同工之处。如果以这些理论来解读我国当前的腐败犯罪治理对策的话,其一,我国在威慑反腐的对策上不仅可以发挥刑罚严厉性的作用,还可以围绕刑罚的及时性、必然性和公开性的威慑要素制定对策;其二,在制度反腐的对策上应重视体制改革过程中新旧制度的衔接,防止制度交替过程中带来的腐败问题;其三,在文化反腐的对策上,不仅应该重视党内廉政风气的建设,还应该从整个社会层面树立廉洁的文化氛围。虽然我国当前威慑反腐取得了一定的成效,但仍然需要将威慑反腐作为首要的对策,这不仅是我国当前腐败犯罪治理形势的要求,更是契合了腐败犯罪本质特征的要求。

China's anti-corruption measures can be summarized as "deterrence","the construction and implementation of anti-corruption system" and "the formation of a probity culture." The countermeasures for the governance of corruption crimes are similar to the deterrence theory, the social disintegration theory and the subculture theory in terms of crime causes and crime governance strategies. If we use these theories to interpret countermeasures against corruption crimes, first, in the deterrence anti-corruption, the countermeasures can not only play the role of severe punishment, but also can be formulated around the timeliness, inevitability and openness of the penalty. Secondly, in the institutional anti-corruption, we should pay attention to the connection between the old and new systems in the process of system reform, and prevent corruption caused by the process of institutional alternation. Third, in the cultural anti-corruption, we should not only pay attention to the integrity of the party. The construction should also establish a clean and honest culture from the entire social level.Although China's deterrence against corruption has achieved certain results, it still needs to as the primary countermeasure. This is not only the requirement of the current corruption crime governance situation, but also the requirements of the essential characteristics of corruption crime.