战时体制下的日本爱国妇人会——以九一八事变为中心

Studies on the Wartime Japanese Patriotic Women’s Association:Focus on the Mukden Incident

日本爱国妇人会,是一个动员妇女为侵略战争服务的妇女团体,在历次对外侵略战争中扮演着重要的角色。九一八事变期间,日本爱国妇人会开展军事救护、“妇人报国运动”“国旗运动”“地久节奉祝运动”“爱国存款运动”“生活改善运动”“农村救济运动”等社会活动,动员大批妇女为侵华战争服务,日本妇女成侵略战争的“协力者”。爱国妇人会不断加强与日本官方和军方的联系,利用侵略战争不断扩张势力,最终沦为日本推行侵略政策的附庸和帮凶,彻底走向妇女解放运动的反面。

The Japanese Patriotic Women’s Association was a group that mobilized women to serve the war of aggression,which played an important role in previous wars of this kind.During the Mukden Incident,the Japanese Patriotic Women’s Association carried out a series of social activities including military medical aid,"Women’s Campaign to Serve the Country","National Flag Movement","Birthday Festival Celebrations for the Japanese Empress","Patriotic Saving Movement","The Livelihood Improvement Movement"and "Rural Relief Movement",mobilizing a large number of women to serve the war of aggression against China and become"cooperators"of the war of aggression.The Association continuously strengthened the links with the Japanese authorities and the military as their influences had been expanding through the war of aggression and eventually became a underling and accomplice of Japan’s aggressive policy.Thus it turned completely into the opposite side of the women’s liberation movement.