共享发展视角下民生发展国际比较与驱动要素研究

International Comparison and Driving Factors of People’s Livelihood Development in View of Shared Development

文章基于共享发展理念,构建涵盖机会共享、过程共享、结果共享3个维度的民生发展指标体系,测算1996-2014年59个国家或地区的民生发展水平,筛选出对民生发展水平有驱动效应的社会经济要素,运用分位回归模型对其作用机制进行分析和比较研究。研究结果显示,2014年我国民生水平在59个国家中位列第38位,高于大多数发展中国家,发展速度较快。从共享发展3个维度来看,我国民生资源和基础设施的投入强度不断提高,对改善民生的社会、经济、人口环境更加有利,但发展结果并没有得到等比例提升,投入产出效率亟需提高。劳动收入、社会风尚、人口年龄结构、信息基础设施和金融发展是改善民生的重要驱动要素,在亚洲发展中国家的作用效果相对明显。

Based on the concept of shared development, this paper constructs an index system of people s livelihood development covering opportunity sharing, process sharing and result sharing, then measures the livelihood development of 59 countries and regions from 1996 to 2014, and screens out the social and economic factors that drive the level of people's livelihood development. Finally the paper uses the quantile regression model to analyze and compare the mechanism of action. Research results show that people' s livelihood level of China ranks 38th among 59 countries in 2014, higher than most of the developing countries with faster development. From the three dimensions of shared development, the Chinese livelihood resources and infrastructure investment intensity have been increasing, which is more favorable for the social, economic and demographic conditions of people's livelihood. However, the development results have not been scaled up proportionately, which shows the input-output efficiency needs to be improved. Labor income, social customs, age structure of the population, information infrastructure and financial development are important driving factors for improving people's livelihood, and the effects are relatively more obvious in developing countries in Asia.