从现代认同到承认的政治——身份政治的一个思想溯源

From Modern Identity to Politics of Recognition

查尔斯·泰勒有关现代认同和承认政治的理论,对近年在美国以及欧洲兴起的身份政治提供了诸多思想资源。泰勒强调通过反思才能发现真正的自我和建构群体的认同,但一个同样是反思的人可能会对其理论产生多方面的疑问,根本的分歧可能会集中在有关“正当”与“好”的关系这一现代伦理学的问题上。泰勒的思想及身份政治运动在近年的凸显,也和西方知识界在冷战结束之后的思想潮流,以及整个社会的平等潮流密切相关。平等主义继续前行,但却在相当程度上改变了领域和主体,在具体诉求的方向上也有了大的调整。对于身份政治将释放出什么欲望和带来什么结果的问题,可以进行更深入的探讨。

Charles Taylor s theory of“modern identity”and“the politics of recognition”provides many resources for identity politics which has sprung up in the United States and Europe in recent years.Taylor emphasizes that it is only through reflection that we can discover the true self and build the identity of the groups.But a person who is also reflective may have many doubts about his theory.These fundamental differences may focus on the basic relationship of the right and goods.Identity politics movement has been highlighted in recent years.It is also closely related to the thinking orientation of Western intellectuals after the end of the cold war and the trend of equality in the modern society.Equalitarianism continues to move forward,but it has changed the field and subject to a considerable extent,and has also made great adjustments in the direction of specific demands.What desires will identity politics unleash?What consequences will it bring?These problems can be further discussed.