摘要
近年来,国际范围内开发与利用深海资源的技术迅猛发展,与此同时,深海采矿技术的环境影响也引起了国际海洋组织的高度关注.本文以当前国际主流的深海采矿技术-液压汲取式开采技术作为出发点,介绍其主要技术组成及工作机理,并对该技术的发展现状进行阐述.在环境生态系统影响方面,分别从生物及其所生活的环境2个方面系统地分析了液压汲取式开采技术所造成的固体悬浮颗粒对生态系统的影响,并对深海采矿的模拟扰动实验及作业装置技术进行展望.本文对于我国深海采矿技术的环境影响研究具有一定参考作用.
In recent years, exploitation and utilization of deep ocean resources has been developing rapidly in international scope, meanwhile the environmental impacts of deep ocean mining have also raised concern of International Maritime Organization. In this study, an international mainstream deep ocean mining named hydraulic suction mining technology is chosen as starting point to introduce its primary technology components, and the working mechanism and the current situations of development is also discussed. With respect to the environmental impacts of this mining technology, the influence of suspended solid particle caused by mining on ecosystem is respectively analyzed from the aspects of marine organism and habitat. In addition, an outlook to the simulated disturbance experiment and relevant operation equipment as well as technology of deep ocean mining is proposed. Results of this study is able to provide certain reference effects for researches regarding environmental impacts of deep ocean mining in China.
作者
张农
冯晓巍
庞华东
张朝阳
Zhang Nong;Feng Xiaowei;Pang Huadong;Zhang Chaoyang(Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Resource Mining, Ministry of Education of China, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;School of Mines,China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China)
出处
《矿业工程研究》
2019年第2期22-28,共7页
Mineral Engineering Research
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51804296)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2017CXNL01)
关键词
深海采矿
液压汲取式开采系统
海洋环境
固体悬浮颗粒
模拟扰动实验
deep ocean mining
hydraulic suction mining system
ocean environment
suspended solid particle
simulated disturbance experiment
