儒家生命伦理学在医养结合中的应用

The Application of Confucian Bioethics in Combination of Medical and Elderly Care Service

源于儒家思想的儒家生命伦理符合我国自身的传统文化特点,遵从社会道德文化的价值取向,对于我国医养结合养老服务具有实践应用价值:儒家文化精髓的“仁爱原则、孝悌思想”是养老服务最重要的道德伦理,也是老龄社会中敬老爱老的体现;“推己及人”的朴素职业道德观可有效提高从业者的服务质量,坚定职业精神;儒家“天人合一”的整体观和“修身至德”的养生观使老人不仅作为服务对象,也成为医养结合积极主动的参与者,有效提高服务效率;在护理无法表述的失智、失语老人时,儒家“慎独”思想可帮助从业者加强自律性,是在缺乏监管的情况下从业应具备的职业道德。儒家生命伦理可有效解决养老服务中哲学与道德问题,为我国医养结合的伦理问题提供理论基础。

Confucian bioethics derived from Confucianism conforms to the characteristics of traditional cultural and conforms to the value orientation of social moral culture. It has practical application value for developing the combination of medical and elderly care service in our country. The Confucian cultural essence of the “benevolence principle, filial piety thought” can be regarded as the most important professional ethics in elderly care service, which is the embodiment of respecting the elderly people in the aging society. The professional ethics thought of “putting oneself in others position” can effectively improve the service quality of practitioners and strengthen their professional spirit. The holistic view of “nature and man in one ” and “cultivate your virtue” make the elderly people not only service as objects, but also be active participants in the combination of medical care and elderly care service, so as to improve service efficiency effectively. When nursing the mentally retarded and aphasic elderly people, the Confucian thought of “Shendu” effectively strengthen the self-discipline of practitioners, which is the professional ethics that practitioners should possess in the absence of super vision. Confucian bioethics can effectively solve the philosophical and moral problems in the elderly care service, and provide the ethical theoretical basis for the combination of medical and elderly care service in China.