中国与非洲产能合作反贫困的现实困境与对策建议

The realistic dilemma and countermeasure of anti-poverty capacity cooperation between China and Africa

消除贫困是非洲社会发展的重要目标。一直以来,中国都十分重视与非洲国家在减贫领域的交流与合作,随着中非合作反贫困实践与认识的不断深化,2016年召开的“中非合作论坛——减贫与发展会议”上,产能合作成为中非合作减贫与发展的新主题。文章通过对近年来国内外相关文献数据的梳理和分析,发现尽管以基础设施建设、产业园区打造,以及贸易往来为主要途径的中非产能合作,在推动非洲国家工业化与农业现代化进程、增强脱贫内生动力、改善贫困人口可持续生计等方面对非洲国家减贫与发展起到了重要的作用;但是,目前中国与非洲在产能合作反贫困实践中仍然存在反贫困基础薄弱、合作路径尚待优化的问题,同时也面临着国际竞争加剧一系列风险挑战。为了提高中非产能合作推动反贫困效益,优化实施路径,更好地破解合作困境,文章从政府、企业、智库、民间四个维度提出了相关对策建议。

Poverty eradication is an important goal of African social development. China has always attached great importance to exchanges and cooperation with African countries in the field of poverty reduction. With the deepening of the practice and understanding of China-Africa anti-poverty cooperation,in the “Forum on China-Africa Cooperation: Poverty Reduction and Development Conference” in 2016,capacity cooperation has become a new theme of poverty reduction and development in China-Africa cooperation. Through the combing and analysis of relevant literature data at home and abroad in recent years,this paper finds that although China-Africa capacity cooperation,which is based on infrastructure construction,industrial park construction and trade exchanges,has played an important role in poverty reduction and development in African countries in promoting the process of industrialization and agricultural modernization,enhancing endogenous motivation for poverty alleviation,and improving the sustainable livelihood of poor people,at present,in the practice of anti-poverty capacity cooperation between China and Africa,there are still problems such as weak anti-poverty foundation and unoptimized cooperation path. Meanwhile,it is also faced with a series of risks and challenges such as intensified international competition. In order to improve the cooperation between China and Africa,promote the anti-poverty benefits,optimize the implementation path,and better solve the dilemma of cooperation,this paper puts forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions from the four dimensions of government,enterprises,think tanks and folk.