中水头船闸输水系统优化试验研究

Experimental study on the optimization of medium head lock filling and emptying system

以某船闸改建工程为背景,通过建立1:30船闸输水系统整体物理模型,研究中水头闸底长廊道侧支孔船闸输水系统优化布置方案。模型试验表明,设计方案下的船闸输水系统存在输水效率低、闸室横向水流分布不均及进水口出现串状吸气旋涡三方面影响船闸输水系统安全、高效运行的问题。综合研究船闸整体及输水系统布置形式,并结合试验各项水力特性指标,提出通过增大输水廊道尺度、沟通闸室两侧主廊道及消除上游引航道与进水口之间的高程突变的优化措施,有效提高了船闸的输水效率、改善了船闸进水口及闸室内水流条件。经过优化后的船闸输水系统可以满足规范、设计要求,各输水水力特性指标均达到预期的设计目标和要求。

Based on a 1:30 overall physical model, the optimal layout scheme for lock bottom long culvert side hole filling and emptying system of the medium head lock was studied. There were three problems in the original scheme, low water transfer efficiency, uneven transverse flow distribution of the chamber and air-core vortices at the inlet, which affected the safe and efficient operation of the filling and emptying system. Thus, three optimization -technologies had been proposed: increasing the scale of valve gallery section, communicating the main galleries on both sides of the lock chamber and eliminating the abrupt elevation difference between upstream approach channel and intakes. The tests of the optimization scheme show that both the filling and emptying efficiency and the flow condition are improved effectively. The optimization scheme of filling and emptying system can meet the requirements of the design code.