海上打捞工程中的吊船生根岩土问题分析

Analysis of geotechnical problems of floating crane ship rooting in salvage works

在海上大吨位沉船打捞工程中,利用吊船扳正沉船是一种常见的技术工艺,扳正生根是此工艺当中的关键一环。桩式锚、重力锚、吸力锚是应用较广泛的生根方式,其岩土力学计算评价方法各不相同。桩式锚可看作海上钢桩基础,利用APIRP2A-WSD规范推荐方法来进行应力应变分析计算;重力锚的岩土力学分析可根据静力学平衡方程来解出;吸力锚可看作负压桶形基础,其水平承载力和贯入阻力分析不仅要考虑静力学平衡,还需考虑刚体转动的力矩平衡问题。每种生根方式都有各自适用的地质条件,在实际工作中应根据海洋岩土勘察结果,选择合理、经济的生根方式。

In the salvage engineering of large-tonnage shipwrecks at sea, it was a common technology to right the shipwrecks by floating crane ship, and the key link was rooting. Pile anchor, gravity anchor and suction anchor were widely used for rooting, and their evaluation methods of geomechanics were different. The pile anchor could be regarded as the offshore steel pile foundation, and the stress-strain analysis and calculation could be carried out using the method recommended by API RP 2A-WSD code;The geomechanically analysis of gravity anchor could be solved according to the static equilibrium equation;The suction anchor could be regarded as the bucket foundation with negative pressure, and the analysis of its horizontal bearing capacity and penetration resistance should consider not only the static equilibrium, but also the problem of moment balance of the rigid body rotation. Each method of rooting had its own suitable geological conditions. In practical work, a reasonable and economical method of rooting should be selected according to the results of marine geotechnical investigation.