欧洲乡村空间变迁驱动分析与借鉴

Driving Force Analysis and Inspiration of Rural Spatial Change in Europe

乡村空间重构是人类影响因素与非人类影响因素通过对乡村景观这一实体介质的作用,进而引发乡村空间组织、形态和布局调整的过程。文章基于对葡萄牙、丹麦的具有欧洲典型乡村景观特征的乡村空间变迁系列研究的分析,构建了乡村空间重构多层级影响因素分析框架,主要包括横向轴线、纵向轴线和中心汇合点3个部分。其中,横向轴线表示乡村景观变化影响因子诱发乡村景观重塑,进而引发乡村空间重构;纵向轴线表示乡村景观变化是多层级影响因素跨尺度、交互式作用的结果;中心汇合点表示多层级影响因素与乡村景观发展主体行为决策相关联,且在当地乡村景观利用尺度下,乡村景观管理者与使用者行为决策交互影响,共同作用于乡村景观。

The reconstruction of rural space is the process that the effect of human in fluence factors and non human factors on the real medium rural landscape, which leads to the adjusting of the organization, form and layout of rural space. Inspired by a series of studies on rural spatial changes with typical European rural landscape features in Portugal and Denmark, this study constructed a multi-level analysis framework for rural spatial reconstruction, including three parts: horizontal axis, vertical axis and central convergence point. The horizontal axis indicates the process that the in fluence factor induces the reconstruction of rural landscape, and the change of rural landscape further induces rural space reconstruction. The vertical axis indicates that the change of rural landscape is the result of the multi-level in fluencing factors' cross-scale and interactive action. The central convergence point indicates that the multi-level influencing factors are related to the behavior decision of the main body of the rural landscape development, and in the scale of local rural landscape utilization, the decision-making of rural landscape managers and users is also interactive, and work together on rural landscape.