基于STM32和FPGA联合构建的特种设备行业高精度数据采集系统

High-precision data sampling system jointly constructed for special equipment industry based on STM32 and FPGA

在特种设备的控制和检测中,经常要对设备中连续时间变换运行参数进行实时采集。针对传统数据采集系统在采集精度与采集速率方面存在精度差,采集速率低,不能很好的采集高频信号、反映特种设备高速运行部件的准确信息,制约了特种设备安全风险管控和隐患排查治理的问题。本文利用STM32与FPGA芯片特性,设计了一种基于STM32和FPGA架构的高速采集系统,本系统采用高精度、大动态范围的AD9238芯片为核心进行AD转换保证了采样精度,通过FPGA的并行结构特性保证了采样速度,STM32进行逻辑控制与后级系统输出.阐述了系统整体结构,对关键硬件模块进行了设计,分析了关键数据流量处理过程,包括FPGA数据读取控制,FSMC总线数据传输,STM32数据传输控制等,最终对采集系统进行测试,测试表明本采集系统具备高采集精度与采集速率,能够很好的应用于特种设备的控制和检测中高频信号的采集.

In the control and detection of special equipment,real-time acquisition of continuous time operation parameters is often needed.The traditional data acquisition system has poor accuracy and low acquisition rate in acquisition accuracy and acquisition rate,which can not collect high frequency signals well and reflect the accurate information of high-speed running components of special equipment,which restricts the safety risk control and hidden danger detection and treatment of special equipment,a high-speed acquisition system based on STM32 and FPGA frameworks is designed in this paper in virtue of STM32 and FPGA chip characteristics.This system adopts high-precision AD9238 chip with large dynamic range to conduct AD conversion thus guaranteeing sampling precision,through parallel structure characteristics of FPGA,it guarantees the sampling speed,and STM32 conducts logic control and back-level system output.The overall structure of the system is stated,the key hardware modules are designed,the key data flow processing is analyzed,including FPGA data reading control,FSMC bus data transfer,STM32 data transporting control,etc.,and in the end,the acquisition system is tested.The test shows that this acquisition system possesses high acquisition precision and high acquisition rate,and can be well applied into the acquisition of high frequency signals.