方志所见清代四川商人研究

The Research of the Sichuan Businessmen in the Qing Dynasty in local Chronicles

方志中商人人物传记具有重要史料价值,为商人研究提供了新思路和资料来源。四川方志中的商人人物传记反映出清代四川商人具有“家境贫寒、转行经商”“科举路断、投身商业”“父母年迈、继承祖业”三个主要经商原因;“好义乐善、诚信经营”“孝悌仁德、以和为贵”“贾而好儒、才智有余”的正面群体形象;促进社会经济发展、加强民族间交流、弥补国家在地方社会治理不足等作用。由于方志编撰的局限性,以上结论不适于全部四川商人。方志中清代四川商人的研究,对史学界少有涉足的四川商人研究及当今四川商人的发展不无裨益。

The biography of businessmen in local Chronicles has important historical value,and it provides new ideas and sources of information for the study of the businessmen.The author sorts out the biographies of businessmen in Sichuan local Chronicles,and concludes that "Sichuan businessmen"(hereinafter referred to as "Sichuan businessmen") in the Qing Dynasty had three main reasons for doing business:"poor family background","the imperial examination failed","inherited ancestral business";Had the positive image of "integrity, kindness and integrity","filial piety, friendship and harmony","elegance and intelligence";And played a role in promoted social and economic development, strengthened inter-ethnic exchanges and made up for the functions of local social governance of the state.The limitations of the compilation of the local Chronicles limits our understanding of all Sichuan businessmen,and the above conclusions aren’t suitable for all Sichuan businessmen.However, the research of the Sichuan businessmen in the Qing Dynasty in local Chronicles is of great benefit to the study of Sichuan businessmen that is rarely involved by historians and the development of Sichuan businessmen today.