“残疾”对家庭收入结构的冲击多大?

The Impact of “Disability” on the Family Income Structure

利用中国家庭收入调查数据,评估了残疾对一个家庭收入构成的冲击。研究发现:残疾对家庭收入结构造成较大影响,主要表现在严重的男性残疾和中青年人残疾会使得家庭人均可支配收入分别下降12.3%和 9.0%,使得人均市场收入分别下降16.6%和13.2%;儿童残疾、老人残疾和中青年人残疾对应的救济性收入会分别增加两倍、一倍和一倍左右,但不足以弥补市场收入的下降幅度。引起市场收入下降的主要原因来自两个方面:一是残疾人本身劳动能力下降,二是残疾会改变家庭成员的劳动配置,进一步减少获得劳动收入的机会。根据研究结果,建议政府继续完善残疾补贴政策,同时完善残疾人教育事业,提升残疾人通过自身能力提升收入的可能性,同时给予残疾人家庭成员更多就业机会。

This paper uses the China Household Income Survey (CHIP) data to assess the impact of disability on family income structure. The study found that disability can have a significant impact on household income structure. Severe “male’s disability” and “middle-aged person’s disability” will reduce household disposable income by 12.3% and 9.0%,resulting in a decrease in per capita market income by 16.6% and 13.2%,respectively. Relief income corresponding to “children’s disability”,“old person’s disability” and “middle-aged person’s disability” will double. The main reason for the decline in market income comes from two aspects: first,the disabled people’s labor capacity declines;second,disability changes the labor allocation of family members,and further reduces the chances of obtaining labor income. According to the paper,it is recommended that the government continue to improve the disability subsidy policy,improve the education of disabled people,improve the possibility of people with disabilities to increase their income through their own abilities,and give more opportunities for disabled family members.