曹妃甸近岸海域大型底栖动物群落特征

Community Characteristics of Macrobenthos in Coastal Area of Caofeidian

基于2015年9月和2016年5月采集的曹妃甸近岸海域的大型底栖动物数据,对该海域大型底栖动物的种类组成和群落结构等进行研究,利用丰度/生物量比较曲线法、AMBI指数法和M-AMBI指数法对研究海域大型底栖动物群落健康和生境质量进行评价。研究结果表明,2015年9月和2016年5月共采集到大型底栖动物73种,其中节肢动物和环节动物物种数占据较大比例。该海域的优势种为日本大螯蜚、日本刺沙蚕、囊叶齿吻沙蚕、轮双眼钩虾,其中日本大螯蜚具有最大的丰度和优势度。群落结构聚类分析和多维尺度分析表明,2015年9月研究区域的大型底栖动物群落以20%的相似性可以分为4组,2016年5月以10%的相似性可以分为7组,两次调查的群落结构相似性均较低。丰度/生物量比较曲线法研究结果显示,2015年9月底栖群落受到严重污染扰动,而到2016年5月,底栖动物群落生物量优势显著上升,群落受扰动状况改善,达到未受或受到轻微污染扰动状态。AMBI指数及M-AMBI指数法评价结果表明,曹妃甸海域大部分站位生境质量为良好状态。本研究揭示了曹妃甸近岸海域大型底栖动物群落结构特征,可为该海域生态环境保护提供依据。

The species composition,dominant species,abundance,biomass and community structure were investigated at 20 stations in the coastal area of Caofeidian based on the data collected in September 2015 and May 2016,and analyzed by abundance/biomass curves,AZTI′s marine biological index (AMBI),and multivariate AZTI′s marine biological index (M-AMBI) to assess the ecological status. There were 73 species of macrobenthos collected in September 2015 and May 2016,numbers of arthropods and annelids accounting for a large proportion of the total species number,with the dominant species of Grandidierella japonica , Neanthes japonica , Nephtys caeca and Ampelisca cyclops ,with the maximal abundance and dominance in G. japonica . The cluster analysis of community structure and multidimensional scale analysis revealed that macrobenthos communities in the study area in September 2015 were divided into 4 groups with 20% similarity and 7 groups with 10% similarity in May 2016,with lower community structure similarity in both surveys. Abundance/biomass curves indicated that the macrobenthic community in the research region was polluted heavily in September 2015,and the biomass dominance of benthic community was increased significantly,the disturbance status of community was improved,and the disturbance status was not affected or slightly polluted in May 2016. The benthic biological indices (AMBI and M-AMBI) showed that the benthic ecological status in the coastal area of Caofeidian was relatively stable. The findings provide scientific basis for marine sustainable development and marine ecological civilization construction.