香港牡蛎不同育肥方式的育肥效果

Effects of Hongkong Oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis Fattening in Onshore Ponds and in Offshore Sea

香港牡蛎营养丰富,味道鲜美,在上市前会通过集中育肥提高风味口感和经济价值。为探明不同育肥方式对香港牡蛎的育肥效果,对经过池塘育肥和外海育肥后香港牡蛎的壳高、壳长、壳宽、体质量、软体质量、出肉率、糖原含量、甜菜碱含量、蛋白含量等指标进行检测,并与内海对照组牡蛎进行比较分析。检测结果显示,经过池塘育肥,香港牡蛎的壳高、体质量、糖原含量和蛋白含量均显著升高( P <0.01),甜菜碱含量显著降低( P <0.01),壳长、壳宽、软体质量、出肉率无显著变化;经过外海育肥的香港牡蛎糖原含量显著升高( P <0.01),壳高、壳长、体质量、软体质量( P <0.01)和甜菜碱( P < 0.05 )含量显著降低,壳宽、出肉率和蛋白含量无显著变化。试验结果表明,池塘育肥比外海育肥效果要好;不论哪种育肥方式,育肥后牡蛎的糖原含量均显著升高,甜菜碱含量均显著降低,出肉率均无显著变化。

Hongkong oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis has a high nutritional value and delicious tastes. Before going on the market,the oyster usually goes through a fattening process to further improve its nutritional value. In the present study,we tested whether fattening oysters in onshore ponds was as effective as in offshore sea. The oyster with the same size were selected and fattened in onshore ponds,and in offshore sea,as the treatment groups,a control group,was fattened in inshore sea. After fattening,oyster were measured for shell height,shell length,shell width,total body weight,soft-part weight,meat yield,glycogen content,betaine content,and protein content. The fattening effect in each test group was evaluated by comparing the above indices with that in the control group. The results showed that fattening in onshore ponds caused shell height,total weight,glycogen content,and protein content to increase significantly ( P < 0.01 ),while betaine content to reduce significantly ( P <0.01),and shell length,shell width,soft-part weight,and meat yield showed no significant change. After fattening in offshore sea,glycogen content was increased significantly ( P <0.01),while shell height,shell length,total weight,soft-part weight ( P < 0.01 ),and betaine content ( P <0.05) reduced significantly;shell width,meat yield and protein content showed no significant change. Thus,fattening in onshore ponds is an effective and better method than fattening in offshore sea. In both fattening treatments,glycogen content was increased significantly,and betaine content reduced significantly. These findings provide important information for production practices.