明代江南金花银嬗变与周忱改革的交互关系

Interactive Relationship between Transmutation of Gold Flowers Silver in Jiangnan Region of Ming Dynasty and Zhou Chen’s Reform

明代江南金花银产生于明代货币白银化的背景下,直接原因是为了解决“北俸南支”的问题,但逐渐成为皇室贮存私财的工具。正统元年,群臣鉴于当时的赋税问题,建议英宗颁行赋税折银成为金花银正式出现的标志。周忱改革用政策和制度双管齐下的方法极大地治理了江南的逋赋问题,其改革中的赋税折银举措为之后的全国金花银改制提供了成功的范例,也使得自身的改革不断推进,前后政策得以一以贯之。

In the Ming dynasty, the Golden flower silver in the Jiangnan region was produced under the background of the currency silver, in order to solve the problem that hard to get an official’s salary. In the first year of the Zhengtong period, in view of the taxation problem at that time, the ministers suggested that the Emperor yingzong should issue tax and discount silver to become the official symbol of the appearance of the Golden flower silver. Zhou Chen managed the conflict well with both policies and regulations, and his tax and silver exchange measures provided a successful example for the later reform of China’s gold silver industry, and promoted his own reform continuously.