肝移植患者术后自我管理现状与影响因素分析

Analysis of Self-management Status and Influencing Factors of Postoperative Liver Transplantation Patients

目的探讨肝移植患者术后自我管理现状与影响因素。方法选取2016年1月~2018年12月在我院行肝移植手术康复出院92例患者临床资料,分析患者自我管理现状与相关影响因素。结果92例肝移植患者每周耐力锻炼为(112.29±52.75)min、每周体能锻炼为(28.44±17.34)min、与医生沟通为(8.69±2.32)分、认知性症状管理与实践为(13.71±6.16)分。男性每周耐力锻炼与每周体能锻炼时间多于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年龄<50岁的患者与医生沟通评分高于年龄≥50岁患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高中以下学历每周耐力锻炼、每周体能锻炼高于高中及以上学历,与医生沟通、认知性症状管理与实践低于高中及以上学历,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肝移植患者术后自我管理行为欠佳,性别、年龄、文化程度是影响自我管理行为的相关因素,临床应加以重视。

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of postoperative self-management in patients with liver transplantation.Methods The clinical data of 92 patients who were discharged from our hospital from January 2016 to December 2018 were analyzed.The status of self-management and related influencing factors were analyzed.Results 92 patients with liver transplantation had weekly endurance exercise (112.29±52.75) min,weekly physical exercise (28.44±17.34) min,communication with doctors (8.69±2.32),cognitive symptom management and practice (13.71±6.16).Men's weekly endurance exercise and weekly physical exercise time were more than women's,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The communication scores of patients <50 years old and doctors were higher than those aged ≥50 years,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).High school or lower education weekly weekly endurance exercise,weekly physical exercise higher than high school and above,communication with doctors,cognitive symptoms management and practice is lower than high school and above,the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Liver transplantation patients have poor self-management behavior after surgery.Gender,age and education level are related factors that influence self-management behavior,and should be paid attention to in clinical practice.