北平沦陷时期的何其巩与私立中国学院

He Qigong and China College during Japanese Occupation of Peiping

全面抗战爆发后,北平私立中国学院坚持在沦陷区办学。在日伪统治下,中国学院暗中与重庆国民政府保持联系,并接受教育部的补助,重庆国民政府也希望以经费资助换取中国学院的政治忠诚。同时该校与中共保持合作,有师生直接从事地下抗日活动。在日伪统治下,作为一所国人自办的私立大学,中国学院没有被日伪政府接收,也没有被迫停办,反而规模不断扩充。评价何其巩及中国学院在沦陷时期北平的表现,应该考虑到日伪统治下特殊的生存环境,其表面所做的大多是策略性的,而背后实际的行为逻辑才是判断其是否伪化的关键所在。中国学院之所以能够获得非常态“发展”,与沦陷区学人的道德良心及国家认同是分不开的。

After the outbreak of the total War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the Peiping Private China College persisted in running in the enemy-occupied areas. Under the rule of Japanese and puppet regimes, China College secretly maintained contact with the Chongqing Nationalist Government and received subsidies from the Ministry of Education. The Chongqing Nationalist Government also hoped to use financial supports to get the political loyalty of China College. At the same time, the College maintained cooperation with the Chinese Communist Party, and some teachers and students directly engaged in underground activities of fighting against Japanese aggressors. Under the mle of Japanese and puppet regimes, as a private college administrated by the Chinese people, China College was not taken over by the Japanese and puppet regimes, nor was forced to stop running, but rather continuously expanding its scale. When we look at the performance of He Qigong and China College in Peiping during the period, we should take into account the special living environments under the rule of Japanese and puppet regimes : most of tlieir acts on die surface are strategic, and the actual behavior logics behind it are the keys to judge its nature. The reason why China College can obtain abnormal " development" is inseparable from the moral conscience and national identity of scholars in the enemy-occupied areas.