不同施磷量对水稻产量、品质及磷肥利用率的影响

Effects of Different Phosphorus Application Rates on Yield,Quality and Phosphate Fertilizer Utilization Efficiency of Rice Submission date

通过开展不同施磷量对水稻产量、品质及磷肥利用率的影响研究,结果表明:施磷肥处理株高较对照(P0)增加9.1~14.9cm、分蘖数提高17.6%~27.7%;水稻产量构成因素提高,稻谷产量显著增加,其中施90kg/hm^2P2O5处理比不施磷肥的稻谷产量提高1 0.3%,达显著差异。施用磷肥可提高水稻淀粉、粗蛋白、氨基酸含量,并促进稻谷、秸秆的磷素吸收。施用磷肥45.0kg/hm2(P1)、90kg/hm^2(P2)、135kg/hm^2(P3)对应的磷肥利用率分别为11.0%、12.3%、9.1%,但随着磷肥用量增加,磷肥利用率呈先增加后下降趋势。因此,根据当地的施肥习惯,建议在水稻生产过程中适当减施磷肥,提高磷肥的利用效率。

The effects of different phosphorus application rates on rice yield,quality and phosphorus fertilizer utilization efficiency were studied.The results showed that plant height and tillering number increased by 9.1~14.9 cm and 17.6~27.7% compared with the control(P),and the yield components of rice increased significantly.Among them,the yield of rice increased by 10.3% compared with that of non-P fertilizer treated with 90 kg/hm^2 P2O5 per mu.The application of phosphorus fertilizer can also increase the content of starch,crude protein and amino acid in rice,and promote the phosphorus absorption of rice and straw.The utilization rates of phosphate fertilizer corresponding to 45.0 kg/hm^2(P1),90 kg/hm^2(P2)and 135 kg/hm^2(P3)were 11.0%,12.3% and 9.1% respectively.With the increase of the amount of phosphate fertilizer,the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer increased first and then decreased.Therefore,according to the local fertilization habits,it is suggested that the application of phosphate fertilizer should be reduced properly in the rice production process to improve the utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer.