优良单株家系辣木花的表型多样性研究

Study on Phenotypic Diversity of Excellent Single Plant Family of Moranga oleifera

通过对30个辣木优良单株家系的花表型性状进行研究,结果表明:不同优良单株家系辣木花之间除了花冠形状之间无差异外,花序密集程度、花冠颜色、花序柄颜色、小花序数、花序长、花序宽、花序柄长均存在不程度的差异;花性状间存在一定的相关性,花序密集程度与花序长、花序宽、花序柄长、小花序数呈显著负相关,与花冠颜色、花冠形状无相关性;主成分分析表明,花序长、花序宽、花序柄长、花序柄颜色、花序密集程度是区分辣木不同家系间最主要的花性状指标;在聚类分析中,基于花的表型性状,将30个辣木优良单株家系分为三大类,花表型性状存在显著差异的家系,在聚类中遗传距离较远。

The flower phenotypic traits of 30 excellent single plant families of Moringa were analyzed.The results showed that there were different degree differences in inflorescence intensity,corolla color,peduncle color,cymelet number,inflorescence length,inflorescence width and peduncle length except corolla shape among the Moringa flowers of different excellent single plant families.There was a certain correlation among Moringa flower traits.Inflorescence intensity was significantly negatively correlated with inflorescence length,inflorescence width,peduncle length and cymelet number,and was not correlated with the corolla color and corolla shape.Principal component analysis showed that inflorescence length,inflorescence width,peduncle length,peduncle color and cymelet number were the most important flower trait indicators among different families of Moringa .Based on the cluster analysis of flower phenotypic traits,30 excellent single plant families of Moringa were divided into three categories.There was a long genetic distance in the families with significant differences of flower phenotypic traits.