中国土地制度历史变迁及其启示

Historical Change of China’s Land System and Its Enlightenment

土地制度是一切制度中最为基础的制度。从古至今,中国的土地制度大致经历了氏族共有制、国家所有制、私有制、公有制等所有制形态的变迁。从我国土地制度的历史演变可以得知,平均主义思想是长期影响土地制度变迁的重要因素,土地制度改革始终要与国家经济社会发展条件相适应,土地制度改革受生产关系要适应生产力发展的客观规律制约,土地制度改革始终要正确处理好国家、农民与土地的关系。

Land system is the most basic system in all systems.From ancient times to the present,China's land system has roughly undergone changes in the forms of clan ownership,state ownership,private ownership and public ownership.From the historical evolution of China's land system,we can see that equalitarianism is an important factor affecting the change of land system for a long time.The reform of land system should always adapt to the conditions of national economic and social development.The reform of land system is restricted by the objective law that productive relations should adapt to the development of productive forces.The reform of land system should always correctly handle the relationship between the state,farmers and land.