略论北宋笔记中的荒政

A Brief Discussion on the Famine-relieving Policy in the Notes of the Northern Song Dynasty

北宋笔记记载了大量的自然灾害,也记载了丰富的荒政。本文基于笔记史料,关注仓库救济、安置流民、稳定米价所运用的荒政,认为官仓的救济方式多元,但是存在库存不足的弊端;相对于单向的救助流民,以工代赈可促进贫富阶层的良性互动;中国南北官府在稳定米价的措施上呈现出差异性,南方的地方官府利用经济与行政手段稳定米价,经济手段更为有效。

A large number of natural disasters and a wealth of famine-relieving policies are recorded in the notes of the Northern Song Dynasty.Based on the historical materials of the notes,this paper focuses on famine-relieving policies including the relief of official storehouses,the settlement of refugees and the stabilization of rice prices.The paper firstly finds that the relief ways of official storehouses were diversified,while official storehouses ran into insufficiency from time to time.Secondly,the paper supports the fact that compared with the unilateral salvation to refugees,relieving people in disaster areas by giving them employment could promote the positive interaction between the rich and the poor.In addition,local governments in Southern China and in Northern China showed great differences in measures to stabilize rice price.Local governments in Southern China used economic and administrative methods to stabilize rice price,which proved that economic methods were more effective.