中国未参加一九六二年莱比锡春季展览会原因探析

An Analysis of the Reason for China’s Absence from the Leipzig Spring Trade Fair in 1962

莱比锡展览会是中国与民主德国关系的晴雨表。1962年,尽管民主德国十分需要社会主义阵营国家的外交支持,中国却决定不参加当年的莱比锡春季展览会。中方的解释主要是国民经济陷入困难,民主德国则认为问题出在政治方面,即原因在于中国与苏东国家出现意见分歧。通过梳理双方档案,分析具体历史情境,本文认为,双方的说法都不够全面,或多或少忽略了对方内政的影响和中国树立国家形象的意图。

China's participation in the Leipzig Trade Fair was always a barometer of its relationship with the German Democratic Republic (GDR).Although the GDR urgently needed political support from the socialist countries in 1962,China decided not to participate the Leipzig Trade Fair.According to the Chinese government,the reason for its absence from the Leipzig Trade Fair had to do with the difficulties in the national economy,but the GDR attributed the reason to politics,in particular the endless conflicts between China and the Soviet Union and the Eastern European countries.Based on an exploration of the archives of both sides and an analysis of the specific situation,this article maintains that the arguments on each side were insufficiently comprehensive and more or less ignored the internal affairs of the other side as well as China's intention of building up its national image.