高压大容量脉冲电容器保压过程中电压跌落的定量分析

Quantitative analysis of voltage drop of high voltage and large capacity pulse capacitor during voltage holding process

针对金属化膜脉冲电容器在实际使用中由于充电结束以后较长的保压时间而产生电压跌落和能量损失,并最终导致脉冲功率电源系统的实际有效储能和储能密度下降这一实际问题,基于一种高压大容量脉冲电容器电压跌落的实验数据,分别从电导特性、自愈特性、极化特性及其与能量损失的相关性出发,推导了介质薄膜电导率与电压跌落的定量关系并进行了电导率测量实验,推导了自愈能量与电压跌落的定量关系并进行了寿命实验,阐述了松弛极化与电压跌落的定量关系并进行了仿真。结果表明,介质泄漏、自愈以及松弛极化在电压跌落中所占比例分别为29.64%、11.75%及58.35%,导致所研究电容器电压跌落的主要因素是松弛极化。

Focused on the voltage drop and energy loss of metallized film pulse capacitor in actual use,which leads to the decreases of stored energy and energy density of pulsed power supply during the long voltage holding process after charging,based on the experimental data of a high voltage and high capacity pulse capacitor and the relationship between conductivity characteristics,self-healing characteristics,polarization characteristics and energy loss,the quantitative relationship between conductivity and voltage drop was derived and the conductivity measurement was carried out,the quantitative relationship between self-healing and voltage drop was derived and the life test was conducted,the quantitative relationship between relaxation polarization and voltage drop was described and the simulation was completed.The results show that the proportions of dielectric leakage,self-healing and relaxation polarization in voltage drop are 29.6%,11.75% and 58.35%,respectively.The main factor which leads to voltage drop is relaxation polarization.