摘要
目的分析医学生压力知觉、情绪调节策略与异常进食行为之间的关系,为指导医学生在面临压力情境时形成健康的进食行为提供参考。方法利用中文版压力知觉问卷、情绪调节量表和荷兰进食行为问卷,对分层随机整群抽取的山西省3所医科院校777名医学生进行调查。结果不同性别、专业医学生异常进食行为得分差异均有统计学意义,临床医学专业类学生的异常进食行为总得分及限制性进食、情绪性进食、外因性进食3个维度得分均高于非临床医学专业类学生(t值分别为3.56,3.45,3.04,4.19,P值均<0.01);女生异常进食行为总得分及限制性进食与外因性进食得分均高于男生(t值分别为2.28,2.58,2.46,P值均<0.05)。压力知觉与异常进食行为呈正相关,认知重评与异常进食行为呈负相关(r值分别为0.69,-0.79,P值均<0.01)。认知重评在压力知觉预测异常进食行为间起部分中介效应,效应值为36.89%,且男生的认知重评中介效应高于女生;表达抑制在压力知觉预测异常进食行为间的中介效应无统计学意义,且性别差异无统计学意义。结论压力知觉既可直接又可间接通过认知重评影响医学生的异常进食行为。应帮助医学生形成认知重评的情绪调节技巧,学会表达情绪并从新的视角建立对压力情境的认识,积极应对压力变化及其所产生的不良行为。
Objective To explore the relationships among perceived stress, emotion regulation strategies, and abnormal eating behavior among medical students, in order to provide healthy eating behavior reference for medical students, especially under pressure. Methods Chinese Perceived Stress Questionnaire, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire were administered among 777 students from three medical universities in Shanxi seleceted by a stratified random cluster sampling method. Results There were significant differences in unhealthy eating behavior by gender and major. Abnormal eating problem score of clinical medicine students was significantly higher than that of non-clinical medicine students(t=3.56, P<0.01);Scores of restrained eating behavior, emotional eating behavior, and exogenic eating behavior of clinical medicine students were all significantly higher than those of non-clinical medicine students(t=3.45, 3.04, 4.19, P<0.01). Abnormal eating behavior, and restrained eating behavior and exogenic eating behavior in female students were significantly higher than those of male students(t=2.28, 2.58, 2.46, P<0.05). The perceived stress significantly and positively correlated with the abnormal eating behavior(P<0.01);Cognitive reappraisal and expressive inhibition significantly and negatively correlated with abnormal eating behavior respectively(P<0.01);No significant association was found between expressive inhibition and abnormal eating behavior. Cognitive reappraisal mediated the association between abnormal eating behavior with perceived stress which accounted for 36.89%, mediating effect in boys was higher than that of girls. However, expressive inhibition showed no similar effect and gender difference. Conclusion Perceived stress can influence abnormal eating behavior of medical students through cognitive reappraisal directly or indirectly, while expressive inhibition shows no such mediating effect. For medical students under pressure, the skill of emotion regulation through cognitive reappraisal, emotion expression as well as appropriate coping style under pressure should be developed.
作者
陆姣
靳珍珍
张持晨
LU Jiao;JIN Zhenzhen;ZHANG Chichen(School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan (030001),China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第6期850-853,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
山西医科大学校级基金资助项目(04201829,04201814)
山西医科大学教育教学改革项目(XJ2018131,2017018)
山西省高等学校教学改革创新项目(J2017045)
关键词
情绪
压力
知觉
进食障碍
学生
Emotions
Pressure
Perception
Eating disorders
Students