艾滋病流行的预防与控制策略现状与进展

Progress and Strategies of HIV Prevention in China

经过国际社会30多年的通力合作,全球艾滋病防治取得了显著的进展,防控策略在不断的探索、创新、与时俱进。既往艾滋病常规防治策略(宣传教育、确保用血安全、美沙酮维持治疗及针具交换)的针对性和有效性已不能满足时代的要求,艾滋病的防治策略呈现新的趋势。包括提倡早诊断、早治疗,尽早发现急性艾滋病毒(HIV)感染者;开展包皮环切术;加强重点人群(男男同性患者、吸毒人员等)的综合干预;暴露前、后的预防;借助新媒体新技术宣传教育(尤其是高危人群、高校学生群体)、创新社会管理,加强非政府组织的参与、践行“90-90-90”、及扩大HIV检测,望如期实现联合国艾滋病署(UNAIDS)2030年终结艾滋病流行的目标。

After 30 years of international cooperation,the global HIV/AIDS has made significant progress;however,the prevention and control strategies,including publicity and education,to ensure the blood to use safely,methadone maintenance treatment and needle exchange,cannot satisfy the need for the times. New trends of HIV prevention and control strategies is emerging,which includes early diagnosis,early treatment,early detection of acute,circumcision. Emphasizing the key population( male-male sex,drug addicts,etc.) for comprehensive intervention,pre-exposure prophylaxis and post-exposure prophylaxis are also worthy of attention. Furthermore,it is also important to focus on publicity and education via new media and technology( especially in high-risk groups,college students group),the innovation of social management, the participation of nongovernmental organizations, "90-90-90 "practice,enlargement of HIV test,hoping to meeting the target "ending AIDS epidemic in 2030"of UNAIDS.