陈修园《神农本草经读》训诂特点

Exegesis Characteristics of Chen Xiu-yuan’s Reading on the Shen Nong’s Classic of Materia Medica

《神农本草经读》援引《伤寒论》经方用法阐释药物,把药物与《黄帝内经》理论、临床用法相结合。但《神农本草经读》并未全盘接受古人之说,其调整药物品类,舍弃迷信观念,反对过度炮制,认为药物的性味取决于其所禀受的天地之气;陈修园认为上品药皆是日常食疗保健之品,难当大病之用;其批驳无稽之谈,博采众家之长,援引《本草崇原》及《本草经解》等多家注释;擅用五运六气、取象比类、易理八卦等思维诠释药性。《神农本草经读》训诂内容包括训释病名、训释功效、训诂字义、补充成分、考证药物等。

Reading on the Shen Nong’s Classic of Materia Medica quotes the prescriptions of Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases to explain the medicines,and combines the medicines with the theory and clinical usage of Huangdi’ s Internal Classic. However,Reading on the Shen Nong’ s Classic of Materia Medica does not fully accept the ancients’ saying,so it adjusts the categories of medicines,abandons superstitions and opposes excessive processing,believes that the nature and taste of medicines depended on the natural essence it has received. Chen Xiu-yuan believed that the top-quality medicines are all products of daily diet and health care,which are difficult to be used for serious illnesses. He refuted nonsense,took the advantages of many schools,quoted many annotations such as Reverence for the Origin of the Materia Medica,Explanation of Materia Medica,etc. He was good at interpreting medicinal properties with five circuits and six qi,analogy of images,the reason of The Book of Changes,Eight Diagrams,etc.The contents of its exegesis include exegetical disease name,exegetical efficacy,exegetical word meaning,supplementary ingredients,textual research drugs,etc.