高等农林院校科研效率动态演进及差异化研究

Research on Dynamic Evolution and Differentiation of Scientific Research Efficiency in Agricultural and Forestry Universities

基于我国37所农林院校2010-2016年科研投入产出数据,运用SBM模型进行科研效率测算,发现我国78%的农林院校均处于非SBM有效水平,整体效率偏低,尚具有较大提升空间。借助核密度估计法分析科研效率动态演变特征,结果表明我国农林高校科研技术效率、纯技术效率均呈"M"型双峰分布,规模效率呈现"双峰-单峰"分布,科研效率总体呈现增长趋势,但增速不明显且波动较大。三大区域农林高校科研效率存在明显差距,中部地区科研效率最高,西部其次,而东部表现平平。进一步提高农科高校科研效率应合理配置科研资源、优化科研管理机制以及继续强化产学研合作。

Based on the scientific research data of 37 agricultural and forestry colleges and universities in China from 2010 to 2016,the SBM model was used to calculate the scientific research efficiency.It was found that 78% of agricultural and forestry colleges and universities in China were at the non-SBM effective level,and the overall efficiency was relatively low,with a large room for improvement.By using kernel density estimation method to analyze the dynamic evolution characteristics of scientific research efficiency,the results show that the scientific research technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency of agricultural,and forestry colleges and universities in China display both "m-type" double-peak distribution.The scale efficiency is "double-peak-single peak" distribution,and the overall scientific research efficiency shows an increasing trend.However,the growth rate is not as expected and the fluctuation range is significant.There is a great gap in the scientific research efficiency of agricultural and forestry universities in the three regions,with the highest scientific research efficiency in the central region,followed by the western region,and the mediocre performance in the eastern region.On this basis,to further improve the scientific research efficiency of agricultural colleges and universities,it is necessary to allocate scientific research resources rationally,optimize scientific research management mechanism,and continue to strengthen industry-university research cooperation.