罗曼·罗兰在中国的三重投影

On Three Projections of Romain Rolland in China

在跨文化传播与跨语际实践中,罗曼·罗兰在中国的接受具有鲜明的时代性、阶段性,呈现出充满意识形态纠葛、文学艺术魅力和主体接受传统的多重面向。20世纪中国罗兰百年接受史主要存在意识形态批评、文体结构批评和历史文化批评三种批评形态。在不同批评形态和时代主流话语的综合制约下,中国学界在不同时期建构出不同的作家面向、人物形象和文本空间,经由重要报刊和评论文本表达着特定时代的意识形态。其中,作家评价经历了从冷遇到热捧的转变,人物形象经历了从钟爱到否定的嬗变,文本研究经历了从一元到多元的流变,由此形成罗曼·罗兰在中国的三重投影。决定罗兰在中国接受态势的主要原因,虽有作家思想与作品内涵的影响,更多在于时局演变与诗学嬗变。中国学界与罗兰之间多元的价值考量与动态的阐释空间,表现出选择与疏离、认同与拒斥、正读与误读等价值取向,折射出不同时期中国学人的社会心态与思想状况。这既受中国社会态势、中法文化关系、文化传统特点以及时代主流话语等因素的强力规训,又与不同时期的知识体系与问题意识密切相关。

In cross-cultural communication and cross-lingual practice,Romain Rolland's acceptance in China shows distinct characteristics of the times,stages and consciousness.In the 20th century of Romain Rolland's acceptance,there are three main criticisms,such as ideological criticism,stylistic criticism and historical and cultural criticism.It has multiple aspects,full of ideological entanglement,literary and artistic charm and subject acceptance tradition.Under the comprehensive constraints of different critical forms and the mainstream discourse of the times,Chinese academia has constructed different aspects of writers,characters and text space in different periods,and expressed the era ideology through important newspapers and commentaries.Among them,Rolland's evaluation has undergone a transformation from cold reception to enthusiasm,the character image has undergone a transformation from love to negation,and the text research has undergone a change from monism to pluralism,which forms the triple projection of Romain Roland in China.Romain Rolland's acceptance in China are not only the influence of the author's thoughts and works,but also the evolution of the current situation and the evolution of poetry.The pluralistic value considerations and dynamic explanatory space between Chinese academia and Romain Rolland show different value orientations such as selection and combing,identification and rejection,positive reading and misreading.It is not only regulated by Chinese social situation,international cultural relations,cultural tradition characteristics and times discourse,but also closely related to the knowledge system and problem awareness in different periods.