碱木质素/聚磷酸铵膨胀阻燃聚氨酯泡沫的制备及性能研究

Study on Preparation and Properties of PUF Intumescent Flame Retarded by Alkali Lignin/APP

采用一步发泡法制备出聚氨酯泡沫(PUF),将精制碱木质素与聚磷酸铵(APP)按不同比例组成膨胀阻燃剂(IFR)并添加到PUF中,制得碱木质素/聚磷酸铵膨胀阻燃聚氨酯泡沫(PUF/IFR)。通过极限氧指数(LOI)测试、热重分析(TG)、扫描电镜(SEM)考察了PUF/IFR材料的阻燃性能、热降解行为、成炭性能及残炭微观形貌。结果表明:当碱木质素与APP的复配比为1:6、IFR添加量为30%时,PUF/IFR的LOI值达到26.3%。IFR的加入形成了连续致密的炭层附着在材料表面,降低了材料的热降解速率,提高了残炭率,从而改善了材料的热稳定性和阻燃性能。

Polyurethane foam (PUF) was prepared by one-step foaming method, and the flame retarded PUF was obtained by adding intumescent flame retardant (IFR) which consisted of the refined alkali lignin and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) in different proportions. The flame retardant properties, thermal degradation behavior, carbonization performance and carbon residue morphology of PUF/IFR materials were studied by LOI test, TG analysis and SEM. The results show that the LOI of PUF/IFR can reach 26.3% when the ratio of refined alkali lignin to APP is 1:6 and the amount of IFR is 30%. After adding IFR, a continuous and compact carbon layer attached on the surface of PUF material can be formed, the thermal decomposition rate of material reduces, and carbon residue rate increases obviously, thus improve the thermal stability and flame retardant performance of the material.