俄罗斯的综合国力及国际地位

Russia’s Comprehensive National Power and Its International Status

俄罗斯综合国力的变化,经历了一个从苏联解体陡然衰弱,再到普京时代逐渐恢复、不断增强的发展过程。19世纪,俄国作为反对资产阶级革命的一支重要力量走上欧洲政治舞台。二战期间,苏联以世界性大国身份参战,并在冷战期间成为与美国并驾齐驱的超级大国。苏联解体意味着俄罗斯不再是世界级强国,原有的意识形态和社会体制不仅黯然失色,其在诸多关键领域也丧失了与西方的竞争力。经过20余年的励精图治,迄今,俄罗斯在许多方面仍无法与美国等一流发达国家比肩。但不可否认的是,在21世纪第一个10年连续多年保持7%左右的经济增速支撑下,俄罗斯综合国力显著提升,其参与全球治理的能力大大增强,重新成为维系国际战略平衡与稳定的关键因素和国际舞台上不可或缺的重要政治力量。

Russia's comprehensive national power has changed from a sudden weakening after the collapse of the Soviet Union to a gradual restoration and constant strengthening in the Putin era. In the 19th century, Russia, as an important power against the bourgeois revolution, entered the European political arena. During World War Ⅱ, the Soviet Union joined as a world power and became a superpower, which kept pace with the United States during the Cold War. The collapse of the Soviet Union meant that Russia was no longer a world-class power. Russia's original ideology and social system was eclipsed, and it also lost its competitiveness against the West in many key areas. After great efforts in over 20 years, so far Russia, in many ways, has been unable to compete with such leading developed countries as the United States. However, it cannot be denied that with the economic growth rates of around 7% in the first ten years of the 21st century, Russia's comprehensive national power has increased significantly. Its ability to participate in global governance has increased greatly. Accordingly, it has again become a key factor in maintaining international strategic balance and stability, and also an important political force needed in the international arena.