攀茎钩藤茎枝的化学成分研究

Chemical constituents from stems of Uncaria scandens

目的研究攀茎钩藤Uncaria scandens茎枝的化学成分。方法利用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、RP18和HPLC等对其化学成分进行分离和纯化,根据波谱数据和理化性质对化合物的结构进行鉴定。利用高效液相色谱法测定了其中钩藤碱和异钩藤碱的含量。结果从攀茎钩藤茎枝的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到17个化合物,分别鉴定为5α-carboxystrictosidine(1)、3β-异二氢卡丹宾碱(2)、异长春花苷内酰胺(3)、3α-二氢卡丹宾碱(4)、帽柱叶碱(5)、恩卡林碱F(6)、3β-异二氢卡丹宾碱4-氧化物(7)、异二氢卡丹宾碱(8)、nauclefine(9)、卡丹宾碱(10)、calyxamine B(11)、绿原酸甲酯(12)、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯酚(13)、托可醌(14)、喹诺瓦酸(15)、咖啡酸甲酯(16)、金丝桃苷(17)。攀茎钩藤中钩藤碱和异钩藤碱的质量分数分别为0.72和0.38 μg/g。结论化合物7~9、11~14为首次从该属植物中分离得到;化合物1~6、16、17为首次从该植物中分离得到。攀茎钩藤中钩藤碱和异钩藤碱的含量较低,其在部分地区作为钩藤使用的合理性有待进一步验证。

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the stems of Uncaria scandens. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20, RP18, and HPLC. The structures were identified by spectroscopic methods and physicochemical properties. The contents of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline were detected by HPLC method. Results Seventeen compounds were isolated and identified from 95% ethanol extract of the stems of U. scandens and characterized as 5α-carboxystrictosidine (1), 3β-isodihydrocadambine (2), strictosamide (3), 3α-dihydrocadambine (4), mitraphylline (5), uncarine F (6), 3β-isodihydrocadambine 4-oxide (7), isodihydrocdambine (8), nauclefine (9), cadambine (10), calyxamine B (11), methyl chlorogenate (12), 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol (13),α-tocopherylquinone (14), quinovic acid (15), methyl caffeate (16), and hyperoside (17). The contents of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline from U. scandens were 0.72 and 0.38 μg/g. Conclusion Compounds 7-9 and 11-14 are isolated from Uncaria genus for the first time. Compounds 1-6 and 16, 17 are isolated from U.scandens for the first time. The contents of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline is low and the reasonable use of them as U. scandens in some areas needs to be further verified.