执行功能训练对数学学习困难小学生数学能力的促进作用

Effects of Executive Function Training on Mathematics Skills for Math Learning Difficulty Students in a Primary School

数学学习困难小学生的执行功能在三个子成分(抑制、刷新和转换)中均具有普遍性缺陷。研究考察执行功能训练对数困生认知和数学能力的促进效果。从上海某小学1295名学生中筛选出37名数困生(训练组18名,对照组19名)作为研究对象,两组学生接受包括抑制、刷新、转换以及数学能力的基线评估后,训练组学生接受10周25次抑制、刷新、转换等任务的执行功能训练。训练结束后立即对两组学生进行后测。重复测量方差分析结果表明,训练对学生在抑制、刷新、转换功能以及数学能力等方面具有积极效果。通过对抑制、刷新、转换等功能的训练可以改善数学学习困难小学生的执行功能及数学能力。

Inhibition, updating, switching of executive function are the important factors for primary students’ difficulty in mathematics learning. Executive function training would improve general cognitive abilities as well as the mathematics skills. 37 math learning difficulty students from a primary school in Shanghai were selected to participate in the study, with 18 of them in the training group, and 19 in the control group. The students in the training group got 25 sessions of executive function training for 15-20 minutes each time. Before and after the training, the 37 students were assessed inhibition, updating, switching abilities and mathematical skills. The analysis of variance of repeated measures before and after training showed that the training group had a positive effect on executive function and mathematical ability. Executive function training will enhance the general cognitive ability as well as the mathematical ability of pupils with math learning difficulties.