拔尖创新人才培养背景下对我国超常教育的再思考:苏格兰的经验及启示

Rethinking of China’s Gifted and Talented Education: Experience and Enlightenment from Scotland

在大力倡导培养拔尖创新人才的背景下,我国的超常教育发展依然存在着诸多问题,突出表现在对超常教育的认识存在争议;超常教育体系不完善;拔尖创新人才培养项目受众面小;超常教育支持系统薄弱、教师专业素养不高。苏格兰的超常教育曾经面临着与我国相似的情境,但是经过几十年的努力,成为了世界上实施超常教育颇为成功的典范。借鉴苏格兰超常教育发展的经验,可以从(1)拓展对超常儿童的认识,重新定义超常儿童;(2)深入推进当前课程与招生制度改革,践行关注超常学生发展的全纳教育理念;(3)整合各方社会资源,建立开放的教育信息网络平台;(4)明确有关超常教育的法律和政策,并保障落地实施这四个方面努力,切实推进新时代我国超常教育事业的发展,助力拔尖创新人才培养。

In light of cultivating a good number of top-notch innovative students, China's gifted and talented education is still problematic. The value orientation of gifted and talented education has been questioned;the gifted and talented education system is imperfect;the number of talented children who got proper education is far from enough;the education support system is weak and teachers' professional level isn't high. After decades' development, Scotland, once facing the similar dilemma to China, has become a model of gifted and talented education .Following Scotland's experience, several strategies can be carried out:(1) expanding the understanding of talented children and redefining them;(2) deepening the current reforms of curriculum and enrollment system and implementing inclusive education;(3) integrating various social resources and establishing an open education information network;(4) clarifying the laws and policies on gifted and talented education and ensuring its implementation .