建议言语行为内部调节手段的语用调控

Pragmatic Regulation on the Internal Modification of Suggestive Speech Acts

本文基于五部电视剧剧本语料,利用二分类逻辑回归模型,研究汉语肯定性建议言语行为的内部调节手段与社会变量之间的关联。研究发现,汉语说话人在核心建议语部分是采取直接建议策略还是间接建议策略,与交际双方的权势关系、社会距离和建议的任务难度均有显著关联。不过,就直接建议而言,究竟使用祈使句还是"认识立场标记+祈使句"或"施为动词+祈使句",则主要受到建议任务难度的调控。研究指出,在汉语二语教学中,建议言语行为的教学重点是直接策略与间接策略大框架,而学习者若掌握不好更细微的词汇-句法调节手段,如动词重叠、语气词、不同梯度的情态助动词和语气副词等,则可能并不会导致严重的语用失误。

Based on a corpus of five TV drama scripts, this paper uses the Binary Logistic Regression Model to study the relationship between the internal modification of Chinese affirmative suggestive speech acts and social variables. It is found that in the head acts of suggestive speech acts, whether Chinese speakers adopt direct strategy or indirect strategy is significantly related to the power relations, social distance between the two sides of communication, and the difficulty of the proposed task. However, as far as the direct suggestive strategy is concerned, the choice of the imperative sentence,"epistemic stance marker+imperative sentence" or "performative verb+imperative sentence" is mainly controlled by the difficulty of the proposed task. The research points out that in Chinese as a second language teaching, it is necessary to focus on the framework of direct suggestive strategy and indirect strategy, rather than the more subtle lexical-syntactic modification, such as verb reduplication, modal particles, different modal auxiliary verbs and modal adverbs, in that they might not lead to serious pragmatic failures.