2011—2016年山东省学生肺结核发病情况分析

Analysis of the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in Shandong Province from 2011 to 2016

目的分析2011-2016年山东省学生结核病发病特征.方法利用《中国疾病预防控制信息系统结核病信息管理系统》获得2011-2016年山东省学生肺结核报告发病数、学生涂阳肺结核报告发病数、各年龄组学生患者数、不同职业肺结核报告发病数.2011-2016年山东省各地市学生肺结核报告发病数来源于《山东省结核病监测报告》.对2011-2016年山东省学生肺结核流行病学特征进行描述性分析.结果2011-2016年山东省学生肺结核报告发病率呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(X^2=42.94,P<0.05).2011年学生肺结核报告发病率为9.68/10万、发病患者1423例,学生涂阳肺结核报告发病率为2.41/10万、发病患者355例;2016年分别为7.87/10万、1178例和1.29/10万、193例,肺结核报告发病率和涂阳肺结核报告发病率分别下降了18.70%和46.47%.各年龄组学生肺结核报告发病例数构成比以15~24岁组最高,达89.84%(7103/7906).男性学生肺结核报告发病例数构成比为60.83%(4809/7905),高于女性的39.17%(3096/7905).学生报告发病年均例数最多的依次为济南(184例)、潍坊(166例)、烟台(98例)、临沂(81例),年均构成比分别为9.03%、6.60%、4.82%、1.72%.结论2011-2016年山东省学生肺结核疫情呈逐年下降趋势,学校结核病防控工作发挥了有效作用,应加强教育与卫生部门的联系,进一步落实好学校结核病防控工作.

Objective To analyze the incidence characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among students in Shandong Province from 2011 to 2016. Methods The number of reported PTB, the number of reported cases with smear-positive PTB, the number of students in all age groups, and the number of reported cases with different occupations among students in Shandong Province from 2011 to 2016 were obtained based on "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and Tuberculosis Information Management System, meanwhile, the PTB data of students in 15 cities of Shandong Province were collected from the MShandong Provincial Tuberculosis Surveillance Report Then descriptive analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of PTB was performed among students in Shandong Province from 2011 to 2016. Results The reported incidence of PTB among students declined from 2011 to 2016 w让h a statistically significant difference (X^2 =42. 94, P<0. 05). The reported incidence of PTB among students was 9. 68/100 000 (1423 cases) and 7. 87/100 000 (1178 cases) in 2011 and 2016, respectively;and the reported incidence of smear-positive PTB was 2. 41/100 000 ( 355 cases) and 1. 29/100 000 (193 cases) in 2011 and 2016, respectively. The reported incidence of PTB and smear-positive PTB decreased by 18. 70% and 46.47%, respectively. When stratified by age, the highest incidence was found in the 15-24 age group, with an average incidence of 89.84%(7103/7906). The reported incidence of PTB in male students was 60. 83%(4809/7905), which was higher than that in females (39. 17%(3096/7905)). The top four cities with the highest annual average incidence of PTB among the 15 cities were Ji'nan (184 cases), Weifang (166 cases), Yantai (98 cases), and Linyi (81 cases), with annual average proportion of 9. 03%, 6. 60%, 4. 82%, and 1. 72%, respectively. Conclusion From 2011 to 2016, the PTB epidemic among students in Shandong Province shows a declining trend year by year. The prevention and control campaigns of PTB in schools exert positive effects. The collaboration between schools and the public health department should be strengthened to further improve the prevention and control of PTB.