外科高危科室护士静脉血栓栓塞症预防认知情况的调查

Cognition of nurses in high-risk surgical departments for prevention of venous thromboembolism

目的探讨外科发生静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)高危科室护士预防VTE的认知情况。方法采用临床护士VTE预防知识问卷,对参加2017年9月中华护理学会外科护理学术研讨会的全国11个省(直辖市、自治区)464名外科VTE高危科室(骨科、普通外科、神经外科、胸外科、重症医学科)护士进行问卷调查,了解护士VTE基本预防、物理预防和药物预防知识掌握情况。结果外科高危科室护士VTE预防认知得分为(13.51±3.42)分,处于中等水平,尤其是物理预防知识掌握得分为(5.71±2.18)分。不同科室护士VTE预防认知得分不同,其中普通外科、骨科、重症医学科护士VTE预防认知情况相对较好。多因素分析结果显示,学历是影响高危科室护士VTE预防认知水平的独立危险因素(OR=1.630,95%CI:1.035~2.567)。结论我国外科高危科室护士对于VTE预防认知水平掌握情况不容乐观,不能满足临床工作的需要。应针对外科高危科室护士VTE知识薄弱环节开展针对性的培训,提高VTE预防护理质量,从而降低患者围手术期VTE的发生率。

Objective To explore the cognition of nurses in high-risk surgical departments for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Methods Totally 464 nurses in surgical departments at high risk of VTE (departments of orthopedics, general surgery, neurosurgery, thoracic surgery, and critical care medicine) from 11 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) nationwide who attended the seminar on nursing by the Chinese Nursing Association in September 2017 were investigated with VTE Prevention Knowledge Questionnaire for Clinical Nurses to understand their knowledge about basic, physical and drug prevention for VTE. Results The cognition of VTE prevention of nurses in high-risk surgical departments scored (13.51 ±3.42), standing at a medium level. In particular, the knowledge about physical prevention was unsatisfactory, which scored (5.71 ± 2.18). The cognition score of VTE prevention varied in nurses of different departments, and the cognition of VTE prevention of nurses from departments of general surgery, orthopedics and critical care medicine was relatively better. Multivariate analysis revealed that educational background was an independent risk factor for the cognition of VTE prevention of nurses in high-risk surgical departments (OR==1.630, 95%CI: 1.035-2.567). Conclusions The cognition of VTE prevention of nurses in high-risk surgical departments is unsatisfactory and cannot meet the needs of clinical work. Targeted training should be provided according to the weak links in the cognition of VTE prevention of nurses in high-risk surgical departments to improve the quality of VTE prevention and nursing, thus reducing the incidence rate of perioperative VTE in these patients.