新疆不同棉花品种(系)对土耳其斯坦叶螨抗性的鉴定及其叶片表面蜡质分析

Identification of Resistance to Tetranychus turkestani and Analysis of Leaves Surface Wax of Different Cotton Varieties(Lines) in Xinjiang

【目的】以新疆棉区代表性的236份棉花种质为材料,对其棉叶螨的抗性进行鉴定,并分析叶片蜡质含量及蜡质组分,为棉花抗螨育种奠定基础。【方法】在室内于棉花苗期分批次进行接螨鉴定,同时测定不同棉花材料叶片的蜡质含量,并利用气相色谱-质谱法分析叶片的蜡质组分。【结果】大部分棉花材料对棉叶螨的危害敏感,236份棉花材料中有高抗品系2份、抗性材料3份、中抗材料22份、敏感材料207份、高感材料2份。棉叶表面蜡质含量与叶片受害级数存在显著负相关;棉花叶片蜡质成分主要为烷烃类化合物,含有少量的酯类、醚类、脂肪酸等。高抗螨棉花种质材料叶片蜡质中烷烃类与酯类组分的含量均高于高感螨材料。高抗和高感材料中含量差距最大的化合物有C24H50、C35H72、C17H36。【结论】上述研究结果为下一步研究棉花表面蜡质组分对棉叶螨寄主选择和抗螨作用的影响奠定了基础。

[Objective] Based on the representative 236 cotton varieties in Xinjiang, the resistance of cotton to mites was identified, and the waxy content and waxy components of leaves were analyzed to lay a foundation for cotton breeding.[Method] In the cotton seedling stage, the waxy content of the leaves of different cotton varieties was determined, and the waxy components of the leaves were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.[Result] Most cotton varieties are sensitive to the damage of cotton mites. There were 2 high resistance varieties, 3 resistant materials, 22 medium resistant materials, 207 sensitive materials and 2 high-sensitivity materials in 236 cotton materials. The waxy content on the surface of cotton leaves was significantly negatively correlated with leaf damage levels. The waxy components of cotton leaves were mainly alkane compounds, containing a small amount of esters, ethers and fatty acids. The content of alkanes and esters in waxy leaves of high-resistance cotton germplasm materials was higher than that of high-sensitivity materials. The compound with the largest difference in content are C24H50, C35H72 and C17H36.[Conclusion] These results lay a foundation for further study on the effects of waxy content on host selection and mite resistance of cotton mites.