从“感觉结构”到“情感转向”——雷蒙·威廉斯与当代西方情感理论的关系

From Structure of Feeling to Affective Turn: The Relationship between Raymond Williams and Contemporary Western Affect Theory

"感觉结构"是雷蒙·威廉斯文学与文化思想中的核心概念之一,他提出这个概念的目的,是把感性的经验同理性的结构相结合,强调某种不能被意识形态所涵盖的要素。然而,威廉斯对于这个概念又过于注重经验描述,缺少系统的理论阐释,这也遭到了伊格尔顿和霍尔等人的批评。近年来,随着人文社科领域之"情感转向"的兴起,文化研究的重心从语言结构转移到了情感经验,这就为重新审视威廉斯"感觉结构"概念的当代意义提供了契机。

Structure of feeling is the core concept of Raymond Williams′s literary and cultural thoughts, which combines the perceptual experience with the rational structure and emphasizes certain elements that cannot be covered by ideology. However, Williams over-emphasized the empirical description and failed to systematically produce theoretical explanations, which was also criticized by Terry Eagleton and Stuart Hall. In recent years, the rise of the affective turn in the humanities and social sciences has caused the shift of the focus of cultural studies from the language structure to the emotional experience, which provides a new opportunity to re-examine the significance of William’s structure of feeling in the contemporary era.