神经抗体介导的运动障碍

Neuron-antibody mediated movement disorders

神经抗体介导的运动障碍是由神经自身抗原产生的异常免疫反应而引发的一类运动障碍。这类疾病可能是副肿瘤性、类感染性或特发性。临床上神经系统症候表现多样,运动障碍可以作为各种表型的一部分,包括舞蹈症、肌张力障碍、帕金森综合征、肌阵挛、僵人综合征、自身免疫性脑炎以及小脑性共济失调等。临床诊断主要依据血清或脑脊液中特异性抗中枢或周围神经自身抗体阳性。抗体的特异性有助于预测相关联的癌症以及对免疫治疗的反应。因早期免疫治疗效果良好,早期准确诊断至关重要。

Neuron-antibody mediated movement disorders are a class of movement disorders caused by abnormal immune responses to nerve auto-antigens,which could be paraneoplastic, infectious or idiopathic. The clinical manifestations of nervous system symptoms varied, and movement disorders can be used as part of various phenotypes, including chorea, dystonia, Parkinson′s syndrome, myoclonus, stiffness syndrome, autoimmune encephalitis and cerebellar ataxia and so on. The clinical diagnosis of this disease is mainly based on the positive specific anti-central or peripheral nerve autoantibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid. The specificity of antibodies helps to predict associated cancer and its response to immunotherapy. Early and accurate diagnosis is very important because of the good therapeutic effect of early immunization.