共享、融合与创新:城镇低收入群体多层次养老保险体系设计

Shared Benefits, Integration and Innovation:The Design of Multi-layered Pension System for Urban Low-income Groups

在当前经济全球化、人口老龄化和就业形式多样化的背景下,中国多层次养老保险体系应对公平性和可持续性的双重挑战更加艰巨,尤其是城镇低收入群体在参加基本养老保险时面临的诸多困难更为突出,且基本没有企业年金和商业养老保险。基于中国当前多层次养老保险体系的发展现状和城镇低收入群体的特点,本文从城镇低收入群体视角出发,主张通过全民共享、供需融合与产品创新等政策设计,采取延长缴费年限、增强缴费和支取的灵活性以及创新养老保险产品等多样化方式,促进城镇低收入群体加入多层次养老保险体系,以期为解决老年贫困问题,保障城镇低收入群体权益和加快全面建成小康社会提供建议。

Under the background of current economic globalization,aging population and diversified forms of employment,the multi-layered pension system in China faces mounting challenges in terms offairness and sustainability,especially for urban low-income groups who have more diffculties participating in the basic pension scheme and have little enterprise annuity or commercial insurance coverage.Based on the current development of China’s pension system and the characteristics of urban low-income groups,this paper proposes that the urban low-income groups should be encouraged to participate in the multi-layered pension system by extending contribution years,enhancing the flexibility of contribution and pension withdrawal,and introducing innovative pension products.These measures are expected to alleviate old-age poverty,protect the urban low-income groups’rights and interests,and contribute to a well-off society.