瑞典物理学家汉尼斯·阿尔文1963年访华始末

Swedish Physicist Hannes Alfvén’s Visit to China in 1963

20世纪60年代初,中国处于与美国断绝关系而与苏联关系恶化的艰难时期,在国际学术交流上处于被动状态。在这一历史节点,来自瑞典的物理学家汉尼斯·阿尔文于1963年来华访问,以两国科学院为中心,开始了中瑞科技交流。通过梳理并概括他来华时的关键细节及重要影响,从中初步分析当时的社会历史背景,进而拓展讨论20世纪60年代中国科学院与瑞典皇家科学院、瑞典皇家工程科学院的交流情况,说明科学家互访活动是20世纪60年代中瑞科技交流的主要形式。

In the early 1960s,China was in a difficult period of severing relations with the United States and deteriorating relations with the Soviet Union,and was passive in international academic exchanges.At this point in history,the Swedish physicist Hannes Alfven visited China in 1963,started the scientific exchange between New China and Sweden,taking their academies of sciences as the center.This paper combs and summarizes the details of visiting process and important influences of his visit,and analyzes its social and historical background and significance,to discuss the exchanges between Chinese Academy of Sciences and Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences,Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences,demonstrating that visit of scientists is the main form of Sino丒Sweden exchanges of science and technology during that time.