儒家比德思想的省察

A Reflection of Confucian Virtue-Analogy

文章分成四部分:第一部分,比德思想的开端,从孔子观水的记载引发出比德思想,同时也对比时代接近的希腊哲人赫拉克利图斯的观水的断言,从这两位哲人发展出不同的哲学思路;第二部分,分析儒家比德观的六种类型.根据所比物的种类,分辨出:天体(天象)类、山水类、玉石类、花木类、器物类、五行类;第三部分,评析比德观的价值;第四部分,以"模拟"概念分析"比德"的反思.

This paper consists of four parts: the first part is about the beginning of the Confucian virtue-analogy, which is originated from the record of Confucius’view of water, and there is also the comparison of the water views between the assertion of the Greek philosopher Heraclitus and Confucius, from whom developed different philosophical ideas. The second part analyzes the six types of Confucian virtue-analogy. According to the types of the objects compared, there are categories of celestial bodies, landscape, jade, flowers and trees, utensils as well as the five elements. The third part analyzes the value of Confucian virtue-analogy. The fourth part is the reflection of virtue-analogy by analyzing the concept of“analogy”.