虚拟“公共领域”话语权的表达及影响

The Expression and Influence of the Public Discourse Right in Virtual“Public Sphere”

新媒体的发展为现代社会构建出一个网络媒介空间,公众在这个虚拟的网络空间中可以开放、平等、自由地表达个人意见,这与哈贝马斯所持的"公共领域"观有着相似之处,可谓是新媒体时代的虚拟"公共领域".虚拟公共领域为公共话语权的表达提供了一个重要的平台,公众汇聚在这个开放的广场中进行交流互动,最终形成网络舆论.网络舆论一方面可以监督政府、伸张正义,发挥推动社会进步的正能量;另一方面,网络公共话语权的非理性表达也会带来诸如舆论暴力、网络谣言、群体极化等媒介生态环境失衡的问题.因此,在新的媒介环境下建构合理有序的虚拟"公共领域",健全理性正面的网络公共话语权,才能实现公众精神对社会民主建设的积极推动,这也是当下从传统媒体到新媒体转型的过程中,需要我们认真思考和对待的命题.

The development of new media has constructed a network media space for modern society. The public can express their personal opinions openly, equally and freely in this virtual cyberspace. This is similar to Habermas’view of“public sphere”, which can be called the virtual“public sphere”in the new media era. The virtual public sphere provides an important platform for the expression of public discourse right. The public gathers in this open square to interact and finally forms network public opinion. On the one hand, network public opinion can supervise the government, uphold justice and exert positive energy to promote social progress;on the other hand, irrational expression of network public discourse right will also bring about imbalance of media ecological environment such as public opinion violence, network rumors, group polarization and so on. Therefore, in the new media environment, the construction of a rational and orderly virtual“public sphere”and the improvement of rational and positive network public discourse pow? er can give full play to the positive force of public spirit in the construction of social democracy. This is also a proposition that we need to seriously consider and deal with in the process of transformation from traditional media to new media.