县域尺度中面向用水部门的初始水权配置

Research on Department-oriented Initial Water Right Allocation at County Scale

综合考虑各用水部门的发展目标及其历史与现状,提出县域尺度中面向用水部门的初始水权分配原则,确定不同用水部门的用水优先级别,并建立多目标规划模型,将县域获得的水权合理分配到各用水部门,从而减少各用水产业内部的初始水权配置纠纷,降低水权交易中因水权模糊而产生的信息搜集、谈判和监督的成本。最后以广西南宁市宾阳县为例,预测宾阳县2025年的可用水量只能满足50%的灌溉保证率下各部门用水量的需求;宾阳县2030年的农业用水部门缺水更加严峻,高用水和一般工业用水部门的缺水现象也开始体现。根据以上缺水情况提出了应形成相应节水激励机制,并制定合理有效的节水措施等解决思路,对宾阳县未来的初始水权配置有一定的指导意义。

The purpose of this study is to allocate the water right obtained from county scale to different water use sectors reasonably, thereby reducing the water right conflicts among water users and the cost of information search, negotiation and supervision due to the ambiguity of water right.Based on the economic development goals and the historical and current water use situation at the state level, the basic principles for department-oriented initial water right allocation are proposed.The priority order for different water use departments are defined, and the multi-objective programming model is developed and applied in Binyang County, Guangxi Province.The results demonstrate that the county-level water available can only meet the demands of all water use sectors in Binyang County under the irrigation guarantee rate of 50%;the water shortage to agriculture sector will be more severe in 2030, and the shortage of industry sectors also emerges.The analytical results and the corresponding solutions proposed will provide a practical method for the initial water right allocation in Binyang County.