基于变异字典的中国工尺谱即兴演奏研究

Research on Gongchepu Improvisation based on Variation Dictionary

今人解读工尺谱的最大难点在于处理不确定的节奏型,即工尺谱只规定了节拍的起始位置,而未分配音符的具体时值.本文的研究对象是昆曲、京剧以及古乐器演奏中的工尺谱,重点研究工尺谱符号,包括音高、节拍、歌词及其读音的音乐学和语言学的量化语义.本文针对演唱者的即兴演唱问题,利用数据驱动的方法,自动生成基于每一拍实际演唱音符的变异字典.希望能够通过本文的研究,将千百年来中国人在使用工尺谱中凝结的智慧,以数据的形式保存下来,并通过使用统计模型与计算机技术,更好地传承、传播和发扬中国传统文化.

The major obstacle for today s researchers is the uncertain rhythm pattern,which means that the score only specifies the starting position of the beat but does not specify the duration of the notes in Gongchepu.This paper aims at the problem of improvisation by singers.To solve this problem,a data-driven method is used to automatically generate a variation dictionary based on actual singing data.By this study,the human wisdom that Chinese people condense from generation to generation in the oral practice may be preserved in the form of data,and through the use of statistical models and computer technology,Chinese culture can be inherited in the new era.