生产性服务中间投入、制造业服务化对中国制造业出口的影响——基于全球价值链视角的研究

The Influence of Intermediate Input of Productive Service and Servitization of Manufacturing Industry on China’s Manufacturing Export: A Study Based on Global Value Chain Perspective

利用2000—2014年世界投入产出数据库数据,系统分析了生产性服务中间投入是否促进了中国制造业服务化,以及中国制造业服务化是否促进了中国攀升全球价值链。研究发现,不但中国国内生产性服务的中间投入占总投入之比显著促进了中国制造业服务化,而且进口生产性服务的中间投入额占总投入之比也在一定程度上提高了制造业对农业的直接消耗系数。外商直接投资、制造业服务化既能够显著提高中国制造业的显示性比较优势指数,也能够提高中国全球价值链的前向参与度;同时,资本报酬与劳动报酬之比也能够显著促进中国制造业显示性比较优势指数的提高。因此,应进一步提升制造业服务化水平,大力发展生产性服务业。

By using the data from the World Input-Output Database during the years from 2000 to 2014, this paper systematically studies whether the intermediate input of productive services promotes the servitization of manufacturing industry in China and whether the servitization of manufacturing industry promotes China s position in global value chain (GVC). Not only the ratio of intermediate input to the total inputs of China s domestic productive services can promote servitization of manufacturing industry, but also the ratio of imported intermediate input of productive services can also increase the direct consumption coefficient of manufacturing industry to agriculture industry to a certain extent. Foreign direct investment and servitization of manufacturing industry can significantly increase revealed comparative advantage (RCA) index and enhance forward linkages effect of GVC embedded index. Meanwhile, the ratio of capital return to labor return can significantly increase RCA index. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the level of service industry in the manufacturing industry and vigorously develop the productive service industry.