光照和氮肥水平对苣荬菜产量和品质的影响

Effects of light and nitrogen levels on yield and quality of chicory

【目的】研究不同光照和氮肥水平对苣荬菜外观品质、营养品质的影响。【方法】用透光率100.0%、60.1%、37.8%遮阳网和施用90、180、360kg/hm^2的尿素组合成9个不同处理,分别测定不同条件下苣荬菜的产量和品质指标。【结果】苣荬菜在透光率60.1%遮阳网+180kg/hm^2处理下综合外观指标和产量表现较优,叶长35cm、叶宽3.5cm;总黄酮和叶绿素含量为透光率60.1%遮阳网+180kg/hm^2尿素>透光率100.0%遮阳网+180kg/hm^2尿素>透光率37.8%遮阳网+180kg/hm^2尿素;粗纤维含量为透光率100.0%遮阳网+180kg/hm^2尿素>透光率60.1%遮阳网+180kg/hm^2尿素>透光率37.8%遮阳网+180kg/hm^2尿素;透光率60.1%遮阳网+90kg/hm^2尿素和透光率60.1%遮阳网+180kg/hm^2尿素处理营养品质较优;在光照不足的情况下,增施氮肥可增加苣荬菜产量。【结论】适当施用氮肥和遮阳有利于苣荬菜生长和营养的积累,重度遮阴不利于苣荬菜营养的积累和外观的生长,氮肥过量会抑制生长。

【Objective】 The effects of different light and nitrogen levels on the appearance quality and nutritional quality of chicory were studied.【Methods】 Using light transmittance of 100.0%, 60.1%, 37.8% shading net and concentration of 90, 180, 360 kg/hm^ 2 of urea combined into 9 different treatments, the yield and quality indicators of chicory under different conditions were determined.【Results】 The comprehensive appearance index and yield performance of chicory in the treatment of E transmittance of 60.1% shading net+ 180 kg/hm^ 2 is better, the length and width of leaf is 35 cm and leaf 3.5 cm respectivly. The order of total flavonoids and chlorophyll contents in treatments are Light transmittance 60.1% shading net+180 kg/hm^ 2 urea>100.0% shading net+180 kg/hm^ 2 urea>light transmittance 37.8% shading net+180 kg/hm^ 2 urea, and the order of crude fiber content in treatments are light transmittance 100.0% shading net+180 kg/hm^ 2 urea>transmittance 60.1% shading net + 180 kg/hm ^2 urea> light transmittance 37.8% shading net +180 kg/hm^ 2 urea. The nutritional quality is superior in the treatments of light transmittance 60.1% shading net+90 kg/hm^ 2 urea and light transmittance 60.1% shading net+180 kg/hm ^2 urea. In the case of insufficient light, the application of nitrogen fertilizer can increase the yield of chicory.【Conclusion】 Appropriate application of nitrogen fertilizer and shading is beneficial to the growth and nutrition accumulation Heavy shading is not conducive to the nutrition accumulation and growth, and excessive nitrogen fertilizer will inhibit growth.