1980-2015年山东省海岸带土地利用变化分析

Analysis of land use changes in the coastal zone of Shandong Province from 1980 to 2015

海岸带作为陆海生态系统的交错带,因特殊的地理位置成为土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)研究的热点区域。以山东省沿海地区40km范围内的海岸带作为研究对象,基于1980、1990、2000、2010和2015年的TM影像,对近35年来山东省海岸带土地利用变化情况进行定量分析。结果表明:研究期间,山东省海岸带土地利用类型以耕地为主,城乡建设用地的面积迅速增加,未利用土地面积显著减少,土地利用类型主要向城乡建设用地、耕地转移;在不同时期各缓冲带中,耕地由海向陆所占比例逐渐增加,城乡建设用地、海洋、水域和未利用地所占比例逐渐减少,林地和草地所占比例基本不变;研究期间,城乡建设用地、未利用地和海洋的土地利用动态度变化程度较大,草地和水域变化程度较小,耕地和林地基本保持不变。此将对山东省海岸带地区土地集约利用及近海资源可持续利用具有一定借鉴意义。

As the intersection zone of the terrestrial and marine ecosystems, the coastal zone of Shandong Province has become a hotspot of research on land use/cover change (LUCC) due to its unique geographical location. For this study, the coastal zone within 40 km of the coastal area of Shandong Province was taken as the research object. Based on TM images from 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2015, the changes in land use in the coastal zone of Shandong Province in the past 35 years were quantitatively analysed. The results were as follows.(1) During the study period, the coastal land use type in Shandong Province was dominated by arable land, the area of urban and rural construction land increased rapidly, and the area of unused land decreased significantly. Land use types were mainly transferred to urban and rural construction land and arable land.(2) During different buffer zones in different periods, the proportion of cultivatable land via land reclamation gradually increased;the proportion of urban and rural construction land, ocean area, water area, and unused land gradually decreased;and the proportion of woodlands and grasslands remained basically unchanged.(3) During the study period, the dynamics of urban and rural construction land, unused land, and ocean land use changed greatly. Grasslands and water bodies saw less significant changes, while the proportion of farmlands and woodlands remained basically unchanged. This study has implications for discussions on intensive land use and sustainable utilization of coastal resources in Shandong Province.